| 大学英语四、六级作文写作 |
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作者:易保树 文章来源:大学英语 点击数: 更新时间:2008-8-15 15:27:45  |
随着大学英语四、六级改革的深入,听力和写作的重要地位也日益突出,而听力和写作几乎成为所有考生的头号敌人。写作更是如此。绞尽脑汁,有的考生也只能是片言片语;冥思苦想,有的考生也只能是七拼八凑。所以许多考生选择了放弃,因为他们以为写作作为一种输出,考验的是人的内力,需要长期积累沉淀,冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。然而,大家未免有点过于悲观,对于四、六级应试作文来说,我们是可以在短时间内“速成”的。如果仔细研究四、六级的作文和美国中学生作文范文,不难发现,英语作文似乎和“三”有着千丝万缕的联系。 首先,来看一看2007年12月的四级作文真题。 题目: 各学校开了各种各样的选修课 学生选课有不同的原因 就我而言………… What Electives To Choose With the reform of Chinese higher education, more and more colleges and universities put emphasis on nurturing students’ abilities. As a result, elective courses are available not only for excellent academic performers but also for students about the average level. Certainly, students have different reasons to choose their own electives. For some, practical skills are the essence of college education, and therefore, courses on computer science, marketing, and finance are highly preferred. On the other hand, others may hold the idea of liberal education and electives concerning literature, history, and philosophy are the most welcome. Take me as an example: being a disciple of free education, I stand for the notion that university is not a place for survival skills, but a palace of knowledge and critical reasoning. Although my major is chemistry, the electives I attend most frequently are English Literature, An Introduction to Classic Music, and Different Schools of Western Painting. They really widen my horizon. 很显然这篇范文的段落结构为三段。三段可以根据提纲而行事,即每段基本上是对提纲的回答,并在段与段间添加适当的承接词,即可形成一篇三段文。也可以对提纲稍作调整和改变,就可以形成一套新的三段结构: 1. 开篇段:提出话题:各学校开了各种各样的选修课 2. 别人观点段:学生选修课程都有自己不同的原因,可以形成正方观点和反方观点。 3. 我的观点段:I stand for the notion that university is not a place for survival skills, but a palace of knowledge and critical reasoning. 所谓头,就是要求头脑清晰、明了,迅速提出观点,这是整篇文章的灵魂所在,这篇文章都要围绕着脑袋展开,一旦展开,就到了身体部分(body),这里要求身体要结实,要有内容。然而没有双脚支撑着,这篇文章就是一篇残废文章。可见结尾它是一种平衡,它是大脑的反映,因此也同样重要。运用到具体的作文写作当中,可以改写成下面的“三”字结构: 第一段是引言部分,主要是引出文章要讨论的主题,或写出文章的中心思想。 第二段是文章的正文部分,主要来阐述第一段提出的中心思想或者要讨论的主题。第三段是结尾部分,主要是对文章进行归纳和总结。这里需要指出的是,文章的身体部分即第二段通常分为 “三”个部分来详细地论证主题。所以上图有时也可以表示为: 下面是由留美大学生写的一篇三段作文: With the breakup of the Soviet Union and the U.S economy just coming out of a recession…. Japanese high-tech consumer products are able to dominate the world market because The Japanese are hard working, technologically oriented, and diligent in their efforts to improve.. First of all, we know that the Japanese work very hard. For example, Secondly, the Japanese labor is technologically oriented. For example, Finally, the Japanese attach much importance to research in an effort to improve their Products, for example, In summary, the Japanese can dominate the world market, including the American domestic market, because of their work ethic, technological orientation and their emphasis on research... 从这篇文章不难看出,主题在第一段:Japanese high-tech consumer products are able to dominate the world market because the Japanese are hardworking, technologically oriented, and diligent in their efforts to improve. 这是脑袋部分。在身体部分,作者用first, secondly, finally 引出三个主题句,来阐述自己提出的观点,最后在第三段重复第一段的观点,这样使得这篇文章结构紧凑,条理清楚,浑然一体。 可见,在四、六级写作时,如果能够牢记这“三” 段论,然后把适合每一段落的词和句子填入本段落中,加上合适的连词、过渡词,立刻就可以形成一篇美文。总之,技法套路勤操练、有头有尾有内容。只要心中有 “三”谱,哪怕作文四、六级。
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